![]() ![]() Many of the coping mechanisms prove useful in certain situations. Social coping (support-seeking) in which an individual reduces stress by seeking emotional or instrumental support from their community.Meaning-focused, in which an individual uses cognitive strategies to derive and manage the meaning of the situation.Emotion-focused, which aims to reduce the negative emotions associated with the problem: Examples of this style include positive reframing, acceptance, turning to religion, and humor.Problem-focused, which addresses the problem causing the distress: Examples of this style include active coping, planning, restraint coping, and suppression of competing activities.Ĭoping is generally categorized into four major categories which are : The most commonly used scales are COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced), Ways of Coping Questionnaire, Coping Strategies Questionnaire, Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, Religious-COPE, and Coping Response Inventory. Ĭoping scales measure the type of coping mechanism a person exhibits. ![]() Proactive individuals excel in stable environments because they are more routinized, rigid, and are less reactive to stressors, while reactive individuals perform better in a more variable environment. Generally, coping is divided into reactive coping (a reaction following the stressor) and proactive coping (aiming to neutralize future stressors). These are consistent over time and across situations. When individuals are subjected to a stressor, the varying ways of dealing with it are termed 'coping styles,' which are a set of relatively stable traits that determine the individual's behavior in response to stress. It is a term used distinctively for conscious and voluntary mobilization of acts, different from 'defense mechanisms' that are subconscious or unconscious adaptive responses, both of which aim to reduce or tolerate stress. Coping is defined as the thoughts and behaviors mobilized to manage internal and external stressful situations. ![]()
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